Research on the evaluation of the ecological restoration effect of limestone open-pit mines in Xuzhou

After open-pit mining of limestone, the resulting exposed slopes and soil depletion exhibit characteristics of desertification, posing key challenges in mine ecological restoration.To optimize ecological restoration technologies for limestone open-pit mines and enhance restoration efficacy, 57 typical limestone open-pit mines already treated in Xuzhou are assessed. Using the TOPSIS method, six indicators across three categories—soil quality, vegetation quality, and geomorphic reconstruction—were evaluated. The findings show that spray seeding greening technology yields the best restoration results, followed by slope greening and platform greening. Other methods like retaining soil cofferdams and vegetation holes demonstrate relatively lower effectiveness. Based on these results, parameter optimization for existing restoration techniques and design specifications are proposed, providing a practical reference for ecological restoration of similar limestone open-pit mines.