Abstract: Establishing a resource and environmental balance system is a key pathway to implementing ecological and environmental protection strategies during the development of mineral resources, achieving coordinated development between resource extraction and environmental protection, and is also essential for promoting the high-quality green development of Chinese mining enterprises. Based on the “dual carbon” goal and the gradual shift of energy consumption control towards carbon emission control, optimizing the energy consumption structure and exploring the balance of energy conservation and utilization are crucial for the comprehensive green transformation of mines. Conducting in-depth research in this area holds significant academic value and practical significance. Firstly, this paper analyzes the various components of the energy system, including non-renewable energy, renewable energy, utilized energy, and unused energy, to draw an energy balance flow diagram for mining operations. It explains the impact of these components during the mining process and defines the concept of energy conservation and utilization balance. Secondly, based on this definition, the paper presents an energy balance input-output model and conducts an in-depth analysis of intermediate processes, exploring the feasibility of implementing energy-saving measures across multiple dimensions such as management, process flow, facility configuration, equipment selection, and land use. It constructs a calculation model for energy balance. Finally, the paper formulates an enterprise energy balance accounting table and summarizes the technical pathways for optimizing energy balance from the perspectives of optimizing energy structure, improving energy utilization efficiency, energy-saving measures, and land use, providing theoretical support for the balanced development of economic, ecological, and social benefits in mining operations. The strategies and ideas proposed for achieving energy balance provide an important theoretical basis for improving the resource development and environmental balance system and have a profound impact on promoting the transformation and upgrading of mining enterprises in China and the comprehensive construction of green mines.