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“三深”金属矿产资源开采利用的绿色化思考

Thoughts on the greening of the mining and utilization of metal mineral resources in deep underground/sea/space

  • 摘要: “三深”(深空、深海、深地)矿产资源储量丰富,是未来资源开发的重要新领地。介绍了“三深”矿产资源的组成、分布等概况,叙述了国内外对“三深”矿产资源开发的需求、战略及规划,揭示了“三深”环境特点及其矿物富集提取的挑战,综述了“三深”金属矿产资源开采利用技术研究现状。基于前人提出的“三深”金属矿产资源开采、选矿、冶金等相关技术原型,指出未来“三深”金属矿产资源的开发应把保护环境放在突出位置,防止太空污染、海洋污染、深地污染,使环境扰动控制在较低水平,实现绿色化开采、洁净化选冶及低碳清洁生产,并提出“三深”金属矿产资源开采利用的绿色化技术路径,进而引出了未来“三深”绿色矿山建设的设想。

     

    Abstract: The“three deeps”(deep space,deep sea,and deep earth)are rich in mineral resource reserves and are important new territories for future resource development.This article introduced the composition and distribution of the“three deeps”mineral resources,described the domestic and foreign demands,strategies and plans for the de⁃velopment of the“three deeps”mineral resources,and revealed the environmental characteristics of the“three deeps”and the challenges for mineral enrichment and metal extraction.This paper reviewed the mining and utilization tech⁃nologies of current research status of“three deeps”metal mineral resource.Based on the technical prototypes of “three deeps”metal mineral resources mining,mineral processing,metallurgy and other related technologies proposed by predecessors,it is pointed out that in the future development of“three deeps”metal mineral resources,environmen⁃tal protection should be placed in a prominent position to prevent deep space pollution,deep ocean pollution,and deep underground pollution,to control environmental disturbance at a low level,to realize green mining,clean benefication and metallurgy,and low carbon production.This paper proposed a greening technology path,which in turn led to the proposal of future“green mine construction in deep underground/sea/space”.

     

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