Abstract: Coal mining activities generate goafs that pose various risks such as land subsidence,altered groundwater levels,water contamination,and geological hazards.Hence,employing scientifically effective methods to detect these coal mine goafs is paramount.This paper extensively delves into the formation mechanisms of coal mine goafs and their ramifications on mine safety,elucidating the principles and pivotal technological aspects of coal mine goaf ex⁃ploration.By leveraging geophysical methods,alterations in subsurface physical properties are deduced,enabling the assessment of goaf locations,extents,and shapes,subsequently evaluating their impact on mine stability and groundwa⁃ter resources.Notably,the precise exploration technology employing electromagnetic methods has demonstrated remark⁃able efficacy in practical applications.Numerous successful cases highlight its feasibility,furnishing high⁃resolution and multi⁃parameter geoelectric data pivotal for coal mine safety management,resource recycling,and environmental preservation.Beyond detection technologies,strategic mine layout planning,goaf backfilling and rehabilitation,alongside proactive innovations in monitoring and early warning technologies,stand equally imperative.These meas⁃ures collectively alleviate potential hazards associated with coal mine goafs,thus contributing significantly to fostering eco⁃friendly mines and environmental conservation.Nevertheless,the exploration and management of coal mine goafs encounter multifarious challenges.Quantitative assessment of goafs and the study/application of comprehensive man⁃agement techniques remain prominent among these challenges.Future trajectories encompass more sophisticated under⁃ground exploration technologies,interdisciplinary collaborative research models,and the integration of intelligent tech⁃nologies.These avenues promise to propel the development of precise goaf exploration techniques to elevated levels across broader domains.