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    矿井随掘地震监测信号干涉重构特征与波形校正方法

    Characteristics of interferometric reconstruction and waveform correction methods for seismic monitoring signals while driving in coal mine

    • 摘要: 矿井随掘地震监测可实现隐伏构造实时超前探查,是突破传统主动源探测效率与精度瓶颈、支撑巷道快速智能掘进的关键技术。由于随掘地震非周期、连续、不规则的信号特征,随掘信号波场干涉重构质量一直是提升随掘地震应用效果的关键。通过随掘地震监测模拟信号与常规主动源模拟信号对比分析,研究随掘信号干涉重构特征,发现地震干涉在实现波场重构的同时会改变波形的振幅与相位信息,而且振幅能量较强区域干涉计算后会聚集更强的振幅能量,尤其是初至波场比地质构造响应波场显现出更为明显的能量聚集特征,对后续地质构造的成像与解释造成严重影响。基于褶积型不依赖子波波形反演理论,提出了干涉重构虚拟炮集的波形校正方法,实验结果表明:经过波形校正后,随掘地震监测信号干涉重构记录与常规主动源记录具有较强的一致性,一定程度上修正了地震干涉对波形振幅和相位的改造影响,能够恢复真实地震响应,取得更优的波场重构效果。

       

      Abstract: Seismic monitoring while driving enables real-time advanced detection of hidden geological structures, serving as a key technology to overcome the efficiency and accuracy limitations of traditional active-source surveys and to support rapid intelligent driving. The quality of wavefield interferometric reconstruction of seismic while driving signals has always been critical to improving the application effectiveness of this technology, due to the non-periodic, continuous, and irregular characteristics of such signals. Through a comparative analysis of simulated signals from seismic monitoring while driving and conventional active-source surveys, the characteristics of interferometric reconstruction of while driving signals were investigated. It was found that while seismic interferometry achieves wavefield reconstruction, it also alters the amplitude and phase information of the waveforms. Moreover, regions with stronger amplitude energy exhibit more concentrated amplitude energy after interferometric computation; in particular, the first arrival wavefield shows more pronounced energy concentration characteristics compared to the wavefield responses of geological structures, severely affecting subsequent imaging and interpretation of geological structures. Based on the convolution-based waveform inversion theory independent of the wavelet, a waveform correction method for interferometrically reconstructed virtual shot gathers was proposed. Experimental results show that after waveform correction, the interferometrically reconstructed records from seismic monitoring while driving signals exhibit strong consistency with conventional active source records. To a certain extent, this method corrects the amplitude and phase modifications caused by seismic interferometry and restores the true seismic response, achieving superior wavefield reconstruction performance.

       

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